Genetic disorders are diseases caused by abnormalities in an individual’s DNA. These abnormalities can be inherited from one or both parents, or they can occur de novo (new mutations) during the individual’s life. Genetic disorders can be classified into several categories: single-gene disorders, multifactorial inheritance disorders, chromosomal disorders, and mitochondrial disorders.
Single-gene disorders result from mutations in a single gene and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns. Multifactorial inheritance disorders arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Chromosomal disorders involve abnormalities in chromosome number or structure. Mitochondrial disorders are caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA.
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